A recent study published in JAMA Neurology has identified a significant association between cannabis-related emergency medical visits and an increased risk of developing dementia within five years. The research analyzed data from over 6 million individuals aged 45 and older without a prior history of dementia. Among these, 16,275 individuals who required acute care due to marijuana use faced a 23% higher risk of dementia compared to those hospitalized for other reasons, and a 72% higher risk compared to the general population. People.com
Dr. Daniel Myran, an assistant professor at the University of Ottawa and co-author of the study, emphasized that while the findings point to a concerning association, more research is needed to determine causality. He noted that cannabis might directly affect brain structure or indirectly contribute to dementia risk through associated factors like depression, high blood pressure, brain injuries, and social isolation. People.com
Supporting these findings, a longitudinal study from New Zealand followed a cohort of individuals from birth to age 45. The study found that long-term cannabis users exhibited a decline in IQ from childhood to midlife, poorer learning and processing speed, and self-reported memory and attention problems. These cognitive deficits were specific to long-term cannabis users and were not observed in long-term tobacco or alcohol users. Additionally, long-term cannabis users showed smaller hippocampal volume, a brain region critical for memory and learning. Neuroscience News+5PubMed+5Medscape+5
The implications of these studies are particularly relevant given the increasing legalization and use of cannabis among older adults. Following the legalization of marijuana in Canada, cannabis-related hospitalizations among older adults have significantly increased. Emergency room visits for cannabis poisoning among Ontarians aged 65 and older more than doubled after cannabis flower was legalized in October 2018 and tripled after edibles became legally available in January 2020. Health
While these studies highlight potential risks associated with cannabis use, it’s important to note that the relationship between cannabis and cognitive decline is complex. Some research suggests that cannabinoids may have neuroprotective properties, potentially offering therapeutic benefits for neurodegenerative diseases. However, a systematic review concluded that based on data from four small trials, it is uncertain whether cannabinoids have any beneficial or harmful effects on dementia compared to placebo. Welcome
In conclusion, while there is growing evidence suggesting a link between cannabis use and increased dementia risk, particularly among those requiring emergency medical care for cannabis-related issues, more comprehensive and long-term studies are needed to fully understand this relationship. As cannabis use becomes more prevalent, especially among older adults, it’s crucial to monitor its potential long-term health implications and to approach its use with caution.
