Pope Francis, known for his commitment to humility and simplicity, has made significant revisions to the traditional papal funeral rites, reflecting his personal wishes and pastoral philosophy. In a departure from longstanding customs, he has expressed a desire not to be buried within the Vatican but rather in Rome’s Basilica of Santa Maria Maggiore.
Simplification of Papal Funeral Rites
In November 2024, Pope Francis approved a revised edition of the “Ordo Exsequiarum Romani Pontificis,” the liturgical book detailing the funeral rites for a pope. This new edition emphasizes a more straightforward and humble approach to the ceremonies. One notable change is the elimination of the tradition of encasing the pope’s body in three successive coffins of different materials. Instead, the revised rites specify that the body will rest in a single zinc-lined wooden casket. This modification underscores the pope’s intention to focus on the pastoral role of the pontiff rather than the grandeur often associated with papal ceremonies.
The decision to simplify these rites aligns with Pope Francis’ broader efforts to reflect the values of poverty and humility exemplified by Jesus. By adopting simpler language and reducing ceremonial complexities, the revised funeral rites aim to make the proceedings more accessible and reflective of the pope’s pastoral mission.
Choice of Burial Site
Breaking with a tradition that has seen popes buried within the Vatican for over a century, Pope Francis has chosen the Basilica of Santa Maria Maggiore in Rome as his final resting place. This basilica holds personal significance for him; he has visited it more than 100 times, often praying before and after his international trips in front of the revered image of the Virgin Mary and baby Jesus.
The last pope to be buried outside the Vatican was Leo XIII in 1903. Pope Francis’ choice reflects his desire to remain connected to the people of Rome and to the places that have been central to his spiritual journey. By selecting a burial site accessible to the public, he continues his mission of fostering a church that is close to its followers.
Health Considerations and Preparations
As of February 2025, Pope Francis, aged 88, has been facing significant health challenges, including a severe bout of double pneumonia and early signs of kidney failure. These health issues have led to his hospitalization and the cancellation of all engagements. Despite his critical condition, he has remained alert and has continued to participate in Mass.
In light of his health, the Vatican has reportedly initiated rehearsals for his funeral. Members of the Swiss Guard have been observed preparing for the eventuality, although official statements have downplayed these activities as routine. These preparations indicate a pragmatic approach to ensuring that the pope’s wishes for a simplified and humble funeral are respected.
Global Response and Prayers
The global Catholic community, along with leaders from various religious and political backgrounds, has expressed profound concern and support for Pope Francis during his illness. Messages of solidarity and prayers have poured in, highlighting the pope’s significant impact on the world stage. This outpouring of support underscores the deep connection that many feel with Pope Francis and his teachings.
Conclusion
Pope Francis’ decisions regarding his funeral rites and burial place are consistent with his lifelong commitment to humility, simplicity, and pastoral care. By revising traditional practices and choosing a burial site outside the Vatican, he continues to lead by example, emphasizing the core values of the Christian faith. As the world watches and prays during his time of illness, these preparations serve as a testament to his enduring legacy of service and humility.
